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IdebenoneThe compound is a synthetic variant of coenzyme Q10 and it is widely used in Europe for the different types of vascular and degenerative central nervous system diseases. The compound has been gaining recognition as studies have shown that under cellular low oxygen conditions that cause Co Q10 to act as a pro-oxidant (and pro-aging) producer of free radicals, Idebenone prevents the free radical damage and maintains relatively normal cell ATP levels. This effect has been associated with a strong anti-aging potential. The compound can serve as a powerful mitochondrial free radical quencher, thus lessening the mtDNA damage that accumulates with aging. Idebenone - StudiesIdebenone treatment in Friedreich patients: one-year-long randomized placebo-controlled trial. Neurology. 2003 May 27;60(10):1676-9. Tolerability and improved protective action of idebenone-loaded pegylated liposomes on ethanol-induced injury in primary cortical astrocytes. J Pharm Sci. 2004 Jul;93(7):1815-27. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of idebenone in Friedreich ataxia patients. Neuropediatrics. 2004 Apr;35(2):95-8. Quinone analogues regulate mitochondrial substrate competitive oxidation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Apr 16;316(4):1138-42. Idebenone delays the onset of cardiac functional alteration without correction of Fe-S enzymes deficit in a mouse model for Friedreich ataxia. Hum Mol Genet. 2004 May 15;13(10):1017-24. Epub 2004 Mar 17. Idebenone treatment fails to slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 2003 Dec 9;61(11):1498-502. Effects of idebenone on mitogen-induced proliferation of human lymphocytes. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 1990 Nov-Dec;11(3):307-17. Weyer G, Babeji-Dolle RM, Hadler D, Hofmann S, Herrmann WM, "A controlled study of 2 doses of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease." Neuropsychobiology 1997; 36(2):73-82 Ranen NG and colleagues, "A controlled trial of idebenone in Huntington's disease" Mov Disord 1996 Sep; 11(5):549-554 Ikejiri Y, Mori E, Ishii K, Yasuda M, Sasaki M, "Idebenone improves cerebral mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in a patient with MELAS" Neurology 1996; Aug 47(2); 583-585. Pisano P and colleagues, "Plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetics of idebenone and its metabolites following single and repeated doses in young patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy." Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 51(2):167-169. Gillis JC, Benefield P, McTavish D, "Idebenone, a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in age-related cognitive disorders." Drugs Aging 1994; Aug;5 (2): 133-152. Nitta A, Hasegawa T, "Oral administration of idebenone, a stimulator of NGF synthesis recovers reduced NGF content in aged rat brain." Neuosci Lett 1993 Dec 12; 163(2):219-222. Suno M, Nagaoka A, "Inhibition of brain mitochondrial swelling by idebenone." Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1989 May; 8(3):299-305. Ihara Y, Namba S, Shiraba T, "Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS), pathological study and successful therapy with coenzyme Q10 and idebenone." J Neurol Sci 1989 May; 90(3):263-271. Lerman-Sagie T, Rustin P, Lev D, "Dramatic improvement in mitochondrial cardiomyopathy following treatment with idebenone." J Inherit Metab Dis 2001 Feb;24(1):28-34. Gutzmann H, Hadler D., "Sustained efficacy and safety of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: update on a 2-year double-blind multicentre study." J Neural Transm Suppl 1998;54:301-10. Yamada K, Nitta A, Hasegawa T, "Orally active NGF synthesis stimulators: potential therapeutic agents in Alzheimer's disease." Behav Brain Res 1997 Feb;83(1-2):117-22. Bergamasco B, Scarzella L, "Idebenone, a new drug in the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type." Funct Neurol 1994 May-Jun;9(3):161-8.
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