Ginger

Ginger has been used in alternative medicine since th 1500s. Lately, research has found it may have use as a arthritis treatment.

Research has found ginger to have various pharmacological properties due to a variety of active constituents.

These constituents include shogaols and gingerols. Research has also suggested that the plant has antioxidant qualities.

6-shogaol, one of the active constituents in ginger, has stimulated intestinal blood flow and transport in rat and guinea pig studies, suggesting that it may stimulate digestive functions. This has not been, however, confirmed in further studies.

From anti aging perspective it is worth noting that in vitro studies, ginger has selective anticancer activity. A research done with mice found that ginger significantly reduced the occurence of mammary tumors without adverse events as measured by body weight, food intake, and blood tests.

Also, in one study with a comparison of 36 plant extracts found that ginger was among the strongest in inhibiting the growth of human pathogenic fungi, including strains that were resistant to traditional treatments.

Ginger - Studies

Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Myhrstad MC, Barikmo I, Hvattum E, Remberg SF, Wold AB, Haffner K, Baugerod H, Andersen LF, Moskaug O, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. A systematic screening of total antioxidants in dietary plants. J Nutr. 2002 Mar;132(3):461-71

Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of ginger for nausea and vomiting: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth. 2000 Mar;84(3):367-71

Keating A, Chez RA. Ginger syrup as an antiemetic in early pregnancy. Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 Sep-Oct;8(5):89-91. [abstract]

Lien HC, Sun WM, Chen YH, Kim H, Hasler W, Owyang C. Effects of ginger on motion sickness and gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by circular vection. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Mar;284(3):G481-9

Pongrojpaw D, Chiamchanya C. The efficacy of ginger in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting after outpatient gynecological laparoscopy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2003 Mar;86(3):244-50 [abstract]

Hashimoto K, Satoh K, Murata P, Makino B, Sakakibara I, Kase Y, Ishige A, Higuchi M, Sasaki H. Component of Zingiber officinale that improves the enhancement of small intestinal transport. Planta Med. 2002 Oct;68(10):936-9

Murata P, Kase Y, Ishige A, Sasaki H, Kurosawa S, Nakamura T. The herbal medicine Dai-kenchu-to and one of its active components [6]-shogaol increase intestinal blood flow in rats. Life Sci. 2002 Mar 15;70(17):2061-70 [abstract]

Phillips S, Hutchinson S, Ruggier R. Zingiber officinale does not affect gastric emptying rate. A randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Anaesthesia. 1993 May;48(5):393-5 [abstract]

Fuhrman B, Rosenblat M, Hayek T, Coleman R, Aviram M. Ginger extract consumption reduces plasma cholesterol, inhibits LDL oxidation and attenuates development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Nutr. 2000 May;130(5):1124-31

Liu N, Huo G, Zhang L, Zhang X. [Effect of Zingiber OfficinaleRosc on lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemia rats] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2003 Jan;32(1):22-3 [abstract]

Leal PF, Braga ME, Sato DN, Carvalho JE, Marques MO, Meireles MA. Functional properties of spice extracts obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Apr 23;51(9):2520-5

Nagasawa H, Watanabe K, Inatomi H. Effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia l.) or ginger rhizome (Zingiber offifinale rosc) on spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in SHN mice. Am J Chin Med. 2002;30(2-3):195-205 [abstract]

Liu H, Zhu Y. [Effect of alcohol extract of Zingben officinale rose on immunologic function of mice with tumor] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2002 Jun;31(3):208-9 [abstract]

Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Sawan SM, Alnaqeeb MA, Khan I, Ali M. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2002 Dec;67(6):475-8

Onogi T, Minami M, Kuraishi Y, Satoh M. Capsaicin-like effect of (6)-shogaol on substance P-containing primary afferents of rats: a possible mechanism of its analgesic action. Neuropharmacology. 1992 Nov;31(11):1165-9 [abstract]

Altman RD, Marcussen KC. Effects of a ginger extract on knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Nov;44(11):2531-8 [abstract]

Topic B, Hasenohrl RU, Hacker R, Huston JP. Enhanced conditioned inhibitory avoidance by a combined extract of Zingiber officinale and Ginkgo biloba. Phytother Res. 2002 Jun;16(4):312-5

Vishwakarma SL, Pal SC, Kasture VS, Kasture SB. Anxiolytic and antiemetic activity of Zingiber officinale. Phytother Res. 2002 Nov;16(7):621-6

Ficker CE, Arnason JT, Vindas PS, Alvarez LP, Akpagana K, Gbeassor M, De Souza C, Smith ML. Inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by ethnobotanically selected plant extracts. Mycoses. 2003 Feb;46(1-2):29-37

Akoachere JF, Ndip RN, Chenwi EB, Ndip LM, Njock TE, Anong DN. Antibacterial effect of Zingiber officinale and Garcinia kola on respiratory tract pathogens. East Afr Med J. 2002 Nov;79(11):588-92 [abstract]

Weidner MS, Sigwart K. Investigation of the teratogenic potential of a zingiber officinale extract in the rat. Reprod Toxicol. 2001 Jan-Feb;15(1):75-80


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