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Elderberry ExtractThe extract did demonstrate both reduced severity and duration of flu symptoms in otherwise healthy subjects, but according to scientists, should not be considered as a substitute for influenza vaccination in high risk individuals. Research has suggested that the effect on influenza is due to the fact that the extract contains anthocyanin, a specific healing compound, that is found in red wine grapes and has also been suggested beneficial for hypertension. One study from Israel showed that up to 75% of Influenza cases showed dramatic improvement within 24 to 48 hours with the use of elderberry extract. The extract is also a source of vitamins A, B complex, and C, and bioflavonoids in addition to anthocyanins, all which should positively influence cell function and body's immune function. Elderberry Extract - StudiesRandomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. J Int Med Res. 2004 Mar-Apr;32(2):132-40. Bioavailability of anthocyanidin-3-glycosides following consumption of elderberry extract and blackcurrant juice. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;42(5):293-300. Anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties of a novel anthocyanin-rich berry extract formula. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2004 Jan;69(1):75-80, 1 p preceding 75. Effects of elderberry juice on fasting and postprandial serum lipids and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Feb;58(2):244-9. Effects of dietary anthocyanins on tocopherols and lipids in rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 4;50(25):7226-30. Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins in elderly women after consumption of elderberry or blueberry. J Nutr. 2002 Jul;132(7):1865-71. Bioavailablility of elderberry anthocyanins. Mech Ageing Dev. 2002 Apr 30;123(8):997-1006. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2001 Apr-Jun;12(2):290-6. Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Jul 1;29(1):51-60. Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B Panama. J Altern Complement Med. 1995 Winter;1(4):361-9.
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