 |
ArgirelineThe published study on the compound yielded the results with a formula with a 10% concentration. The hexapeptide proved to reduce the depth of the wrinkles in the face caused by the contraction of the muscles of facial expression, especially around the eyes and the forehead. Interestingly, according to the research, it further prevents aging of the skin induced by repeated facial movements caused by excessive catecholamine release. How the hexapeptide does what is does is somewhat complicated, according to the research on the compound. Muscles are contracted when they receive neurotransmitters released from inside a vesicle. The SNARE (SNap REceptor) complex has been referred as essential for this neurotransmitter release at the synapses. It is a ternary complex formed by the proteins VAMP, Syntaxin and SNAP-25 (SyNaptosomal Associated Protein). This complex intervenes in the process of docking, fusing and exocytosis of these neurotransmitter-filled vesicles. The hexapeptide in question is a mimic of the N-terminal end of SNAP-25 which competes with SNAP-25 for a position in the SNARE complex, thereby modulating its formation. If this SNARE complex is slightly destabilized, the vesicle is not able to release neurotransmitters efficiently and therefore muscle contraction is attenuated, preventing the formation of lines and wrinkles. The compound is used by many manufacturers, and one of the most famous creams using it is Principal Secret Reclaim, marketed by actress Victoria Principal. Argireline - StudiesC. Blanes-Mira, J. Clemente , G. Jodas , A. Gil3, G. Fernández-Ballester, B. Ponsati , L. Gutierrez , E. Pérez-Payá and A. Ferrer-Montiel. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Vol. 24, No 5, p.303, October 2002. Gutierrez, L.M., Canaves, J., Ferrer-Montiel, A., Reig, J.A., Montal, M. and Viniegra, S. A peptide that mimics the carboxy-terminal domain of SNAP-25 blocks Ca 2'-dependent exocytosis in chrornaffin cells. FEBS Lett. 372, 39-43 (1995). Gutierrez, L.M., Viniegra, S., Rueda, J., Ferrer-Montiel, A.V., Canaves, J.M. and Montal, M. A peptide that mimics the C-terminal sequence of SNAP-25 inhibits secretory vesicle docking in chrornaffin cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 2634-2639 (1997). Ferrer-Montiel, A.V, Gutierrez, L.M., Apland, J.P., Canaves, J.M., Gil, A., Viniegra, S., Biser, J.A., Adler, M. And Montal, M. The 26-mer peptide released from SNAP25 by botulinum neurotoxin E inhibits vesicle docking. FEBS Lett. 435, 84-88 (1998).
|